Color & appearance

How the elemental substance looks at room conditions: color, luster, transparency. Allotrope forms can differ.

Заповненість даних Зовнішній вигляд 118 з 118Фаза за стандартних температури й тиску 111 з 118

Показано 118 із 118 елементів

	Символ	Назва
1	H	Hydrogen	Pure hydrogen at room temperature is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas.	Газ
2	He	Helium	Pure helium is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas at ordinary temperature and pressure.	Газ
3	Li	Lithium	Pure lithium is a soft, silvery-white metal when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
4	Be	Beryllium	Pure beryllium is a hard, brittle, steel-gray metal with a metallic luster.	Твердий стан
5	B	Boron	Pure boron is usually encountered as a dark brown to black, hard, brittle solid with a semiconducting character.	Твердий стан
6	C	Carbon	Pure carbon has several allotropes.	Твердий стан
7	N	Nitrogen	Pure nitrogen is normally encountered as N₂, a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas.	Газ
8	O	Oxygen	At ordinary temperature and pressure, pure O₂ is a colorless, odorless gas.	Газ
9	F	Fluorine	Pure fluorine, F₂, is a pale yellow gas at ordinary temperature and pressure.	Газ
10	Ne	Neon	Pure neon is a colorless, odorless, monatomic gas at ordinary temperature and pressure.	Газ
11	Na	Sodium	Pure sodium is a silvery, lustrous metal when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
12	Mg	Magnesium	Pure magnesium is a silvery-white metal with a bright metallic luster when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
13	Al	Aluminum	Pure aluminum is a silvery-white metal with a bright metallic luster when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
14	Si	Silicon	Pure crystalline silicon is a dark gray solid with a metallic luster and a diamond-cubic structure.	Твердий стан
15	P	Phosphorus	White phosphorus consists of soft, waxy, pale material made of P₄ molecules and may glow faintly in air.	Твердий стан
16	S	Sulfur	Pure sulfur is most familiar as a brittle, bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature, usually composed of S₈ rings.	Твердий стан
17	Cl	Chlorine	Pure chlorine is a dense yellow-green gas with a sharp, irritating odor.	Газ
18	Ar	Argon	Pure argon is a monatomic gas at ordinary temperature and pressure, with no color, odor, or taste.	Газ
19	K	Potassium	Pure potassium is a very soft, silvery metal when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
20	Ca	Calcium	Pure calcium is a silvery gray metal that is softer than many structural metals and can be cut when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
21	Sc	Scandium	Pure scandium is a soft, silvery-white metal that tarnishes slowly in air, developing a yellowish or pinkish cast from surface oxidation.	Твердий стан
22	Ti	Titanium	Pure titanium is a silvery gray metal.	Твердий стан
23	V	Vanadium	Pure vanadium is a silvery-gray, ductile metal when well refined.	Твердий стан
24	Cr	Chromium	Pure chromium is a lustrous, silvery-gray metal with a high polish and a relatively high melting point.	Твердий стан
25	Mn	Manganese	Pure manganese is a silvery-gray metal with a faint pinkish cast when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
26	Fe	Iron	Pure iron is a lustrous, silvery-gray metal that tarnishes in moist air.	Твердий стан
27	Co	Cobalt	Pure cobalt is a lustrous, silvery gray metal with a faint bluish cast.	Твердий стан
28	Ni	Nickel	Pure nickel is a lustrous, silvery-white metal with a faint golden tinge.	Твердий стан
29	Cu	Copper	Pure copper is a reddish-orange, lustrous metal when freshly polished.	Твердий стан
30	Zn	Zinc	Pure zinc is a lustrous bluish-white metal when freshly cut, but it dulls in air as a thin protective surface film forms.	Твердий стан
31	Ga	Gallium	Pure gallium is a silvery, lustrous metal that is solid at ordinary room temperature but melts at about 30 °C.	Твердий стан
32	Ge	Germanium	Pure germanium is a lustrous, grayish-white solid with a metallic sheen.	Твердий стан
33	As	Arsenic	Pure arsenic is most commonly encountered as gray arsenic, a brittle, metallic-looking solid with a steel-gray surface.	Твердий стан
34	Se	Selenium	Elemental selenium has several allotropes.	Твердий стан
35	Br	Bromine	Pure bromine is a dark red-brown, mobile liquid at ordinary conditions.	Рідина
36	Kr	Krypton	Pure krypton is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature and pressure.	Газ
37	Rb	Rubidium	Pure rubidium is a very soft, silvery-white metal that quickly tarnishes in air.	Твердий стан
38	Sr	Strontium	Pure strontium is a soft, silvery metal when freshly cut, but it rapidly develops a yellowish or gray oxide-nitride surface film in air.	Твердий стан
39	Y	Yttrium	Pure yttrium is a soft, silvery-white metal with a metallic luster.	Твердий стан
40	Zr	Zirconium	Pure zirconium is a silvery-gray, ductile metal when clean and massive.	Твердий стан
41	Nb	Niobium	Pure niobium is a soft, ductile, lustrous gray metal when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
42	Mo	Molybdenum	Pure molybdenum is a silvery gray metal with a bright metallic luster when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
43	Tc	Technetium	Macroscopic technetium metal is a silvery-gray, metallic solid when prepared in the laboratory.	Твердий стан
44	Ru	Ruthenium	Pure ruthenium is a silvery gray, lustrous metal.	Твердий стан
45	Rh	Rhodium	Pure rhodium is a silvery-white metal with a bright metallic luster.	Твердий стан
46	Pd	Palladium	Pure palladium is a lustrous, silver-white metal.	Твердий стан
47	Ag	Silver	Pure silver is a bright white, highly lustrous metal with a clean metallic sheen.	Твердий стан
48	Cd	Cadmium	Pure cadmium is a silvery to bluish-white metal with a bright metallic luster when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
49	In	Indium	Pure indium is a very soft, lustrous, silvery-white metal at ordinary conditions.	Твердий стан
50	Sn	Tin	Pure tin is a soft, silvery-white metal with a bright metallic luster.	Твердий стан
51	Sb	Antimony	Pure antimony is a silvery white, lustrous solid with a crystalline, flaky fracture.	Твердий стан
52	Te	Tellurium	Pure tellurium is a silvery-white to gray, lustrous, crystalline solid at ordinary conditions.	Твердий стан
53	I	Iodine	Pure iodine is a dark gray to purple-black crystalline solid at ordinary temperature.	Твердий стан
54	Xe	Xenon	Pure xenon is a colorless, odorless, monatomic gas at ordinary temperature and pressure.	Газ
55	Cs	Cesium	Pure cesium is a pale gold, silvery metal that is solid near ordinary room temperature but melts at about 28.5 °C.	Твердий стан
56	Ba	Barium	Pure barium is a silvery-white to pale yellow metal when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
57	La	Lanthanum	Pure lanthanum is a silvery-white, soft metal that can be cut with a knife when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
58	Ce	Cerium	Pure cerium is a soft, silvery-gray metal that tarnishes readily in air.	Твердий стан
59	Pr	Praseodymium	Pure praseodymium is a soft, silvery metal with a pale yellow cast when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
60	Nd	Neodymium	Pure neodymium is a bright, silvery metal when freshly cut, but it tarnishes in air as an oxide layer forms.	Твердий стан
61	Pm	Promethium	Macroscopic promethium metal has been prepared only in small, highly radioactive quantities.	Твердий стан
62	Sm	Samarium	Pure samarium is a silvery, moderately hard metal that tarnishes in air as oxide forms on the surface.	Твердий стан
63	Eu	Europium	Pure europium is a soft, silvery metal that tarnishes rapidly in air and can darken as oxide and hydroxide layers form.	Твердий стан
64	Gd	Gadolinium	Pure gadolinium is a soft, bright, silvery-white metal when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
65	Tb	Terbium	Pure terbium is a soft, silvery-gray metal.	Твердий стан
66	Dy	Dysprosium	Pure dysprosium is a bright, silvery metal when freshly cut, but it slowly tarnishes in air.	Твердий стан
67	Ho	Holmium	Pure holmium is a soft, silvery, metallic solid that can be cut and worked when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
68	Er	Erbium	Pure erbium is a silvery-white metal with a metallic lustre.	Твердий стан
69	Tm	Thulium	Pure thulium is a soft, malleable, silvery metal.	Твердий стан
70	Yb	Ytterbium	Pure ytterbium is a lustrous, silvery-white metal when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
71	Lu	Lutetium	Pure lutetium is a bright silvery metal that tarnishes slowly in air.	Твердий стан
72	Hf	Hafnium	Pure hafnium is a lustrous, silvery-gray metal.	Твердий стан
73	Ta	Tantalum	Pure tantalum is a hard, heavy, lustrous metal with a gray to blue-gray metallic surface.	Твердий стан
74	W	Tungsten	Pure tungsten is a steel-gray to silvery-white metal with a metallic luster.	Твердий стан
75	Re	Rhenium	Pure rhenium is a silvery-white to gray metallic solid with a bright luster when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
76	Os	Osmium	Pure osmium is a lustrous bluish white to blue-gray metal.	Твердий стан
77	Ir	Iridium	Pure iridium is a hard, brittle, silvery-white metal with a high luster.	Твердий стан
78	Pt	Platinum	Pure platinum is a lustrous, silvery-white metal with a high density and a high melting point.	Твердий стан
79	Au	Gold	Pure gold is a bright metallic yellow solid at ordinary conditions.	Твердий стан
80	Hg	Mercury	Pure mercury is a dense, mirror-bright liquid at room temperature, forming rounded droplets with high surface tension.	Рідина
81	Tl	Thallium	Pure thallium is a very soft, heavy metal with a fresh silvery luster.	Твердий стан
82	Pb	Lead	Pure lead is a bluish-gray, lustrous metal when freshly cut.	Твердий стан
83	Bi	Bismuth	Pure bismuth is a brittle, crystalline metal with a silvery white surface that often shows a pinkish tint.	Твердий стан
84	Po	Polonium	Macroscopic polonium is difficult to handle and observe because it self-heats and rapidly accumulates radiation damage.	Твердий стан
85	At	Astatine	The bulk appearance of astatine has not been directly observed in a macroscopic sample.	Твердий стан
86	Rn	Radon	Pure radon is a colorless, odorless, monatomic gas at ordinary temperature and pressure.	Газ
87	Fr	Francium	No macroscopic sample of pure francium has been prepared, so its actual bulk appearance is unknown.	Твердий стан
88	Ra	Radium	Freshly prepared radium metal has been reported as silvery white, but it rapidly darkens in air, probably through formation of nitride and oxide surface films.	Твердий стан
89	Ac	Actinium	A freshly prepared macroscopic sample has rarely been available.	Твердий стан
90	Th	Thorium	Pure thorium is a silvery, soft, ductile metal when freshly prepared.	Твердий стан
91	Pa	Protactinium	Fresh protactinium metal has been reported as a bright, silvery-gray solid.	Твердий стан
92	U	Uranium	Pure uranium is a silvery-gray metal when freshly prepared, but it darkens in air as oxide layers form.	Твердий стан
93	Np	Neptunium	Metallic neptunium has been prepared in visible quantities.	Твердий стан
94	Pu	Plutonium	Pure plutonium is a silvery-gray metal when freshly prepared, but it tarnishes in air as surface oxides form.	Твердий стан
95	Am	Americium	Pure americium metal has been prepared in milligram quantities.	Твердий стан
96	Cm	Curium	Curium has been prepared as a metallic element in small amounts.	Твердий стан
97	Bk	Berkelium	Fresh berkelium metal has been reported as a silvery actinide metal, but only very small samples have been prepared.	Твердий стан
98	Cf	Californium	Metallic californium has been prepared only in very small quantities.	Твердий стан
99	Es	Einsteinium	Only microgram-scale samples have been isolated, so ordinary bulk appearance is not well established.	Твердий стан
100	Fm	Fermium	The bulk appearance of fermium metal is unknown because the element has not been isolated in visible, weighable quantities.	Твердий стан
101	Md	Mendelevium	No macroscopic sample of mendelevium has been isolated, so its real bulk appearance is unknown.	Твердий стан
102	No	Nobelium	The bulk appearance of nobelium is unknown, because it has never been isolated as a visible sample.	Твердий стан
103	Lr	Lawrencium	No macroscopic sample of lawrencium has been prepared, and its visible appearance has not been observed.	Твердий стан
104	Rf	Rutherfordium	No macroscopic sample of rutherfordium has been prepared, and its visible appearance is unknown.	Твердий стан
105	Db	Dubnium	No macroscopic sample of dubnium has been prepared, and its visible appearance is unknown.	—
106	Sg	Seaborgium	No macroscopic sample of seaborgium has been prepared, and its visible appearance is unknown.	—
107	Bh	Bohrium	No macroscopic sample of bohrium has been prepared, so its visible appearance is unknown.	—
108	Hs	Hassium	No macroscopic sample of hassium has been prepared, so its visible appearance is unknown.	—
109	Mt	Meitnerium	No macroscopic sample of meitnerium has been prepared, so its visible appearance and bulk physical properties are unknown.	—
110	Ds	Darmstadtium	No macroscopic sample of darmstadtium has ever been prepared, so its bulk appearance is unknown.	—
111	Rg	Roentgenium	No macroscopic sample of roentgenium has ever been prepared, so its appearance is unknown.	—
112	Cn	Copernicium	No macroscopic sample of copernicium has been made, so its visible appearance is unknown.	Газ
113	Nh	Nihonium	No macroscopic sample of nihonium has ever been made, so its color, texture, density, melting point, and other ordinary bulk properties are unknown.	Твердий стан
114	Fl	Flerovium	No macroscopic sample of flerovium has ever been prepared, so its appearance is not known.	Газ
115	Mc	Moscovium	No macroscopic sample of moscovium has ever been prepared, so its appearance is unknown.	Твердий стан
116	Lv	Livermorium	The appearance of livermorium is unknown because no visible or weighable sample has been produced.	Твердий стан
117	Ts	Tennessine	The appearance of elemental tennessine is unknown.	Твердий стан
118	Og	Oganesson	No macroscopic sample of oganesson has ever existed, so its appearance, density, melting point, and boiling point are not experimentally known.	Газ

Джерела та примітки

Descriptions refer to the pure element, not its compounds.