Yttrium vs Zirconium
Side-by-side comparison of Yttrium (Y, element 39) and Zirconium (Zr, element 40) by atomic structure and physical properties.
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| Atomic number | 39 | 40 |
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| Symbol | Y | Zr |
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| Name | Yttrium | Zirconium |
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| Category | transition-metal | transition-metal |
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| Standard Atomic Weight | 88.90584 u | 91.222 u |
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| Period | 5 | 5 |
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| Group | 3 | 4 |
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| Block | d | d |
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| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
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| Electron configuration | [Kr]4d15s2 | [Kr]4d25s2 |
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| Oxidation states | [0, 1, 2, 3] | [1, 2, 3, 4] |
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| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.22 | 1.33 |
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| Electron affinity | 0.307 eV | 0.43328 eV |
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| Density | 4470 kg/m³ | 6520 kg/m³ |
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| Melting point | 1521.85 °C | 1854.85 °C |
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| Boiling point | 3344.85 °C | 4408.85 °C |
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| Discovery year | 1794 | 1789 |
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Key Differences
| Y Yttrium | Zr Zirconium |
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| Standard Atomic Weight | 88.90584 u ↓ lower | 91.222 u ↑ higher |
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| Density | 4470 kg/m³ ↓ lower | 6520 kg/m³ ↑ higher |
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| Melting point | 1521.85 °C ↓ lower | 1854.85 °C ↑ higher |
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| Boiling point | 3344.85 °C ↓ lower | 4408.85 °C ↑ higher |
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| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.22 ↓ lower | 1.33 ↑ higher |
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| Electron affinity | 0.307 eV ↓ lower | 0.43328 eV ↑ higher |
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| Group | 3 | 4 |
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| Electron configuration | [Kr]4d15s2 | [Kr]4d25s2 |
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| Discovery year | 1794 | 1789 |
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