Hydrogen vs Gallium

Side-by-side comparison of Hydrogen (H, element 1) and Gallium (Ga, element 31) by atomic structure and physical properties.

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PropertyH Hydrogen Ga Gallium
Atomic number131
SymbolHGa
NameHydrogenGallium
Categorynonmetalpost-transition-metal
Standard Atomic Weight1.007975 u69.723 u
Period14
Group113
Blocksp
Phase at STPGasSolid
Electron configuration1s1[Ar]3d104s24p1
Oxidation states[-1, 1][-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3]
Electronegativity (Pauling)2.21.81
Electron affinity0.75419 eV0.3 eV
Density0.08988 kg/m³5910 kg/m³
Melting point-259.193 °C29.76 °C
Boiling point-252.781 °C2203.85 °C
Discovery year17661875

Key Differences

PropertyH HydrogenGa Gallium
Standard Atomic Weight1.007975 u ↓ lower69.723 u ↑ higher
Density0.08988 kg/m³ ↓ lower5910 kg/m³ ↑ higher
Melting point-259.193 °C ↓ lower29.76 °C ↑ higher
Boiling point-252.781 °C ↓ lower2203.85 °C ↑ higher
Electronegativity (Pauling)2.2 ↑ higher1.81 ↓ lower
Electron affinity0.75419 eV ↑ higher0.3 eV ↓ lower
Period1 4
Group1 13
Blocks p
Categorynonmetal post-transition-metal
Phase at STPGas Solid
Electron configuration1s1 [Ar]3d104s24p1
Discovery year1766 1875