Magnesium vs Niobium
| Property | Mg Magnesium | Nb Niobium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic number | 12 | 41 |
| Symbol | Mg | Nb |
| Name | Magnesium | Niobium |
| Category | alkaline-earth-metal | transition-metal |
| Standard Atomic Weight | 24.3055 u | 92.90637 u |
| Period | 3 | 5 |
| Group | 2 | 5 |
| Block | s | s |
| Phase at STP | solid | solid |
| Electron configuration | [Ne]3s2 | [Kr]5s14d4 |
| Oxidation states | [0, 1, 2] | [-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.31 | 1.6 |
| Electron affinity | -0.4 eV | 0.893 eV |
| Density | 1740 kg/m³ | 8570 kg/m³ |
| Melting point | 649.85 °C | 2476.85 °C |
| Boiling point | 1089.85 °C | 4743.85 °C |
| Discovery year | 1755 | 1801 |