Hydrogen vs Calcium

Side-by-side comparison of Hydrogen (H, element 1) and Calcium (Ca, element 20) by atomic structure and physical properties.

PropertyH Hydrogen Ca Calcium
Atomic number120
SymbolHCa
NameHydrogenCalcium
Categorynonmetalalkaline-earth-metal
Standard Atomic Weight1.007975 u40.078 u
Period14
Group12
Blockss
Phase at STPGasSolid
Electron configuration1s1[Ar]4s2
Oxidation states[-1, 1][1, 2]
Electronegativity (Pauling)2.21
Electron affinity0.75419 eV0.0245 eV
Density0.08988 kg/m³1540 kg/m³
Melting point-259.193 °C841.85 °C
Boiling point-252.781 °C1483.85 °C
Discovery year17661808

Key Differences

PropertyH HydrogenCa Calcium
Standard Atomic Weight1.007975 u ↓ lower40.078 u ↑ higher
Density0.08988 kg/m³ ↓ lower1540 kg/m³ ↑ higher
Melting point-259.193 °C ↓ lower841.85 °C ↑ higher
Boiling point-252.781 °C ↓ lower1483.85 °C ↑ higher
Electronegativity (Pauling)2.2 ↑ higher1 ↓ lower
Electron affinity0.75419 eV ↑ higher0.0245 eV ↓ lower
Period1 4
Group1 2
Categorynonmetal alkaline-earth-metal
Phase at STPGas Solid
Electron configuration1s1 [Ar]4s2
Discovery year1766 1808