Technetium (Tc)
transition-metalSolid
標準原子量
[98]電子配置
[Kr] 5s2 4d5融点
2156.85 °C沸点
4264.85 °C密度
1.1e+4 kg/m³酸化数
−3, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7電気陰性度（Pauling）
1.9第1イオン化エネルギー
7.11938 eV発見年
1937原子半径
135 pm詳細
Technetium is a radioactive transition metal in group 7, between molybdenum and ruthenium. It was the first element discovered without a stable isotope. Only trace natural technetium occurs, mainly from spontaneous fission of uranium and from neutron capture processes; practical quantities are made artificially. Its chemistry resembles rhenium and manganese in several oxidation states, and the isotope ⁹⁹ᵐTc is central to diagnostic nuclear medicine.
Technetium is a silvery-gray metal that tarnishes slowly in moist air. The common oxidation states of technetium are +7, +5, and +4. Under oxidizing conditions technetium (VII) will exist as the pertechnetate ion, TcO4-. The chemistry of technetium is said to be similar to that of rhenium. Technetium dissolves in nitric acid, aqua regia, and concentrated sulfuric acid, but is not soluble in hydrochloric acid of any strength. The element is a remarkable corrosion inhibitor for steel. The metal is an excellent superconductor at 11K and below.
Technetium was the first artificially produced element. It was isolated by Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segrè in 1937. Technetium was created by bombarding molybdenum atoms with deuterons that had been accelerated by a device called a cyclotron. Today, technetium is produced by bombarding molybdenum-98 with neutrons. Molybdenum-98 becomes molybdenum-99 when it captures a neutron. Molybdenum-99, with a half-life of 65.94 hours, decays into technetium-99 through beta decay. While technetium has never been found to occur naturally on earth, its spectral lines have been observed in S-, M- and N-type stars.
Technetium's most stable isotope, technetium-98, has a half-life of about 4,200,000 years. It decays into ruthenium-98 through beta decay.
From the Greek word technetos, artificial. Element 43 was predicted on the basis of the periodic table, and was erroneously reported as having been discovered in 1925, at which time it was named masurium. The element was actually discovered by Perrier and Segre in Italy in 1937. It was also found in a sample of molybdenum sent by E. Lawrence that was bombarded by deuterons in the Berkeley cyclotron. Technetium was the first element to be produced artificially. Since its discovery, searches for the element in terrestrial material have been made. Finally in 1962, technetium-99 was isolated and identified in African pitchblende (a uranium rich ore) in extremely minute quantities as a spontaneous fission product of uranium-238 by B.T. Kenna and P.K. Kuroda. If it does exist, the concentration must be very small. Technetium has been found in the spectrum of S-, M-, and N-type stars, and its presence in stellar matter is leading to new theories of the production of heavy elements in the stars.
Macroscopic technetium metal is a silvery-gray, metallic solid when prepared in the laboratory. Because all isotopes are radioactive, specimens are handled as controlled radioactive materials rather than ordinary metal samples.
The most important use is isotope-specific: ⁹⁹ᵐTc is used as a short-lived gamma-emitting tracer in many diagnostic imaging procedures, usually bound in radiopharmaceutical complexes selected for particular organs or physiological processes. Longer-lived ⁹⁹Tc has been studied as a corrosion inhibitor for steel in closed systems, but its radioactivity and regulatory burden prevent ordinary industrial use. Other technetium isotopes and compounds are used mainly in chemical, nuclear, and tracer research.
Small amounts of technetium can retard the corrosion of steel, although this protection can only be applied to closed systems due to technetium's radioactivity. Technetium can also be used as a medical tracer and to calibrate particle detectors.
Isotopes in Medicine
99mTc is an isomer of 99Tc with a half-life of approximately 6 h that is used to label peptides for morphologic (the form and structure of an organism) and dynamic modeling of renal (kidney), hepatic (liver), bone, and cardiac imaging [320] U. Abram, R. Alberto. J. Braz. Chem. Soc.17, 1486 (2006)., [322] M. Pérez Díaz, J. Quevedo Garcia, O. Diaz Rizo, R. Dopico Hernandez, E. Estevez Aparicio, A. Viamonte Marin, O. Cabrera Gorrin. Alasbimn J.4 (16), (2002).. 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals absorb to a variety of tumors. These tumors can be imaged using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) coupled with non-invasive computed tomography (CT scan), which provides a high level of functional and anatomical information in a three-dimensional image (Fig. IUPAC.43.1) [323] A. Ballard. Biomarkers Key to Drug Development: Imaging and Biomarkers Drive Drug Development Engineered for Personalized Medicine, Imaging Technology News (2014), Feb. 26; http://www.itnonline.com/article/biomarkers-key-drug-development., [324] P. Ghosh, M. Kelly. Expanding the Power of PET with 18F-Sodium Fluoride, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc (2017), Feb. 26; https://usa.healthcare.siemens.com/siemens_hwem-hwem_ssxa_websites-context-root/wcm/idc/groups/public/@us/@imaging/@molecular/documents/mdaw/ndu0/∼edisp/white_paper10_sodium_fluoride-00309726.. Medronate is a radioactive pharmaceutical, which has been used to find, treat, or study certain diseases or body functions. 99mTc-labeled medronate (99mTc-MDP) is used in a diagnostic test to detect metastases from prostate, lung or thyroid cancer, making use of a gamma camera to record the distribution of 99mTc-MDP within the body. A two-dimensional image of the affected areas is produced.
Technetium shows rich redox chemistry, with common oxidation states including +7, +4, and lower states in coordination complexes. Pertechnetate, TcO₄⁻, contains technetium(VII) and is chemically analogous to perrhenate; sodium pertechnetate, NaTcO₄, is a key soluble form in radiochemistry. Technetium dioxide, TcO₂, contains technetium(IV) and is much less mobile in many reducing environments. Technetium forms halides, oxides, sulfides, and numerous complexes with phosphines, carbonyls, and biological ligands.
See more information at the Technetium compound page.
All technetium isotopes are radioactive, but hazards differ strongly by isotope, activity, chemical form, and route of exposure. ⁹⁹ᵐTc has a short half-life and is managed under medical radiation controls. ⁹⁹Tc is a long-lived beta emitter; ingestion or inhalation of soluble pertechnetate is a principal concern because it can distribute in body fluids. Metal dusts and contaminated laboratory surfaces require radiological containment and monitoring.
It is reported that mild carbon steels may be effectively protected by as little as 55 ppm of KTcO4 in aerated distilled water at temperatures up to 250°C. This corrosion protection is limited to closed systems, since technetium is radioative and must be confined. 98Tc has a specific activity of 6.2 x 108 Bq/g. Activity of this level must not be allowed to spread. 99Tc is a contamination hazard and should be handled in a glove box.
Natural technetium is extremely scarce and transient on geological scales. Environmental technetium of practical concern comes mainly from nuclear fission products in reactor fuel, reprocessing streams, waste, and fallout residues. Pertechnetate, TcO₄⁻, is soluble and relatively mobile under oxidizing conditions, while reduced technetium(IV) species such as TcO₂ are less soluble and can be retained by sediments or engineered waste forms.
Technetium has no normal commodity market as a bulk metal. Supply is tied to the nuclear industry and to isotope generation. Medical ⁹⁹ᵐTc is obtained from decay of ⁹⁹Mo in generator systems, with ⁹⁹Mo produced mainly by fission or neutron-activation routes. Long-lived ⁹⁹Tc is available as a fission product recovered in specialized facilities, but demand is limited by regulation and by its lack of ordinary commercial applications. Costs are dominated by reactor or accelerator production, radiochemical processing, transport timing, quality control, and waste management rather than by the elemental metal itself.
Made first by bombarding molybdenum with deuterons (heavy hydrogen) in a cyclotron.
Technetium has no stable nuclides, so any primordial technetium has decayed away. It is produced in stars by neutron-capture nucleosynthesis, and its spectroscopic detection in some red giant stars shows that freshly made heavy elements can be brought to stellar surfaces. In planetary materials it is expected only in trace radiogenic or cosmogenic amounts unless introduced by nuclear processes.
- Technetium was identified in molybdenum targets irradiated with deuterons.
- Its name comes from a Greek word meaning artificial.
- The diagnostic isotope ⁹⁹ᵐTc decays to ⁹⁹Tc.
- Pertechnetate, TcO₄⁻, is often the most mobile oxidized form in water.
- A visible technetium spectrum in a star proved that some stellar heavy elements are made recently.
画像
性質
物理的性質
- 原子半径（経験値）
- 135 pm 全元素の原子半径（経験値）を比較 →
- 共有結合半径
- 147 pm 全元素の共有結合半径を比較 →
- ファンデルワールス半径
- 209 pm 全元素のファンデルワールス半径を比較 →
- 金属半径
- 127 pm 全元素の金属半径を比較 →
- 密度
- 1.1 × 104 kg/m³ 全元素の密度を比較 →
- モル体積
- 0.0085 L/mol
- 標準温度・圧力（STP）での相
- 固体 全元素の標準温度・圧力（STP）での相を比較 →
- 融点
- 2156.85 °C 全元素の融点を比較 →
- 沸点
- 4264.85 °C 全元素の沸点を比較 →
- 熱伝導率
- 50.6 W/(m·K) 全元素の熱伝導率を比較 →
- 結晶構造
- 六方最密充填構造 全元素の結晶構造を比較 →
化学的性質
- 電気陰性度（Pauling）
- 1.9 全元素の電気陰性度（Pauling）を比較 →
- 電気陰性度（Allen）
- 1.51
- 電子親和力
- 0.55 eV
- 第1イオン化エネルギー
- 7.11938 eV 全元素の第1イオン化エネルギーを比較 →
- 第2イオン化エネルギー
- 15.260053 eV 全元素の第2イオン化エネルギーを比較 →
- 第3イオン化エネルギー
- 29.550102 eV 全元素の第3イオン化エネルギーを比較 →
- 第4イオン化エネルギー
- 41.000141 eV 全元素の第4イオン化エネルギーを比較 →
- 第5イオン化エネルギー
- 57.000196 eV 全元素の第5イオン化エネルギーを比較 →
- 酸化数
- −3, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 全元素の酸化数を比較 →
- 価電子
- 7 全元素の価電子を比較 →
- 電子配置
- [Kr] 5s2 4d5
熱力学的性質
- 融解熱
- 0.24667047 eV 全元素の融解熱を比較 →
- 蒸発熱
- 5.182153 eV 全元素の蒸発熱を比較 →
- 昇華熱
- 6.063119 eV
- 原子化熱
- 6.063119 eV
- 原子化エンタルピー
- 7.026999 eV
原子核
- 陽子数
- 43 全元素の陽子数を比較 →
- 中性子数
- 55 全元素の中性子数を比較 →
- 既知の同位体
- 40 全元素の既知の同位体を比較 →
- 安定同位体
- 0 全元素の安定同位体を比較 →
- 質量数（最も安定な同位体）
- 98
- 最も安定な同位体
- Tc-98
- 発見年
- 1937
存在度
データなし
結晶構造
- 格子定数a
- 274 pm
電子構造
- 各電子殻の電子数
- 2, 8, 18, 13, 2 全元素の各電子殻の電子数を比較 →
識別子
- CAS登録番号
- 7440-26-8 全元素のCAS登録番号を比較 →
- 項記号
- 6S5/2
- InChI
- InChI=1S/Tc
- InChI Key
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
電子配置 測定値
Tc: 4d⁵ 5s²[Kr] 4d⁵ 5s²1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d⁵ 5s²原子モデル
同位体によって中性子数、質量、安定性は変わりますが、中性原子の電子配置は変わりません。
模式的な原子モデルです。実際の縮尺とは異なります。
原子の指紋
発光／吸収スペクトル
同位体分布
安定同位体はありません。
| 質量数 | 原子質量（u） | 天然存在比 | 半減期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 109 放射性 | 108.920256 ± 0.00001 | データなし | 905 ms |
| 110 放射性 | 109.923744 ± 0.00001 | データなし | 900 ms |
| 111 放射性 | 110.925901 ± 0.000011 | データなし | 350 ms |
| 112 放射性 | 111.9299458 ± 0.000006 | データなし | 323 ms |
| 94 放射性 | 93.9096536 ± 0.0000044 | データなし | 293 分 |
相／状態
理由: 融点（2156.85 °C）より2131.8 °C低い
模式図、実際の縮尺とは異なります
相転移点
相転移エネルギー
融点で1 molを融解させるのに必要なエネルギー
沸点で1 molを蒸発させるのに必要なエネルギー
昇華点で1 molを昇華させるのに必要なエネルギー
密度
標準条件下
標準条件下
原子スペクトル
全43件中10件を表示しています。 イオンの電荷の昇順で並べています。
準位データの収録状況 ?
| イオン | 電荷 | 準位 |
|---|---|---|
| Tc I | 0 | 290 |
| Tc II | +1 | 34 |
| Tc III | +2 | 2 |
| Tc IV | +3 | 2 |
| Tc V | +4 | 2 |
| Tc VI | +5 | 2 |
| Tc VII | +6 | 2 |
| Tc VIII | +7 | 2 |
| Tc IX | +8 | 2 |
| Tc X | +9 | 2 |
イオン半径
| 電荷 | 配位 | スピン | 半径 |
|---|---|---|---|
| +4 | 6 | データなし | 64.5 pm |
| +5 | 6 | データなし | 60 pm |
| +7 | 4 | データなし | 37 pm |
| +7 | 6 | データなし | 56.00000000000001 pm |
化合物
同位体 (5)
Twenty-two isotopes of technetium with masses ranging from 90 to 111 are reported. All the isotopes of technetium are radioactive. It is one of two elements with Z < 83 that have no stable isotopes; the other element is promethium (Z = 61). Technetium has three long lived radioactive isotopes: 97Tc (T1/2 = 2.6 x 106 years), 98Tc (T1/2 = 4.2 x 106 years) and 99Tc (T1/2 = 2.1 x 105 years). 95Tcm ("m" stands for meta state) (T1/2 = 61 days) is used in tracer work. However, the most useful isotope of technetium is 99Tcm (T1/2 = 6.01 hours) is used in many medical radioactive isotope tests because of its half-life being short, the energy of the gamma ray it emits, and the ability of technetium to be chemically bound to many biologically active molecules. Because 99Tc is produced as a fission product from the fission of uranium in nuclear reactors, large quantities have been produced over the years. There are kilogram quantities of technetium currently existing.
| 質量数 | 原子質量（u） | 天然存在比 | 半減期 | 崩壊形式 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 109 放射性 | 108.920256 ± 0.00001 | データなし | 905 ms | β- =100%β-n =0.08±0.2% | |
| 110 放射性 | 109.923744 ± 0.00001 | データなし | 900 ms | β- =100%β-n =0.04±0.2% | |
| 111 放射性 | 110.925901 ± 0.000011 | データなし | 350 ms | β- =100%β-n =0.85±2% | |
| 112 放射性 | 111.9299458 ± 0.000006 | データなし | 323 ms | β- =100%β-n =1.5±0.2% | |
| 94 放射性 | 93.9096536 ± 0.0000044 | データなし | 293 分 | β+ =100% |
スペクトル線
全277件中50件を表示しています。 初期設定では、強度の測定値があるスペクトル線のみを表示します。
| 波長（nm） | 強度 | 電離段階 | 種類 | 遷移 | 精度 | 出典 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 485.359 nm | 20000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 409.5662 nm | 15000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 408.8702 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 411.5065 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 416.5605 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d5.(6S).5s.(5S).5p 4P* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 426.2245 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d5.5s2 6S → 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).5p 6P* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 429.7034 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d5.5s2 6S → 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).5p 6P* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 452.283 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 474.0602 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 482.0744 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).5p 8P* → 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).6s e 8S | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 486.6732 nm | 10000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 412.4217 nm | 8000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 489.1909 nm | 8000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 414.4961 nm | 6000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 417.2523 nm | 5000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 497.6341 nm | 5000 | Tc I | emission | 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).5p 8P* → 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).6s e 8S | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 509.6269 nm | 5000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 417.0266 nm | 4000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 477.1539 nm | 4000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 414.5126 nm | 3000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 448.7049 nm | 3000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 463.7499 nm | 3000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 394.709 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 4H → 4d6.(3H).5p 2I* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 399.4498 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 4H → 4d6.(3H).5p 4G* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 402.0759 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 2H → 4d6.(3H).5p 2H* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 453.9513 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 456.4541 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 464.8328 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 466.9303 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4P* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 471.7758 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 490.9509 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 517.4813 nm | 2000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 383.7565 nm | 1500 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 4H → 4d6.(3H).5p 4I* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 564.2116 nm | 1500 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3F2).5s 4F → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 386.8248 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 4H → 4d6.(3H).5p 4I* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 401.1998 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 4H → 4d5.(4D).5s.(5D).5p 6F* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 403.9232 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 4H → 4d6.(3H).5p 4G* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 411.0214 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(1I).5s 2I → 4d6.(1I).5p 2K* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 412.8263 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d5.5s2 4G → 4d5.(4G).5s.(5G).5p 4H* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 416.966 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 4H → 4d5.(4G).5s.(5G).5p 4H* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 417.6253 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 6D → 4d6.(5D).5p 6D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 426.2682 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d5.(6S).5s.(5S).5p 4P* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 442.9581 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 448.1534 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 2H → 4d6.(3H).5p 4H* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 451.5974 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3H).5s 2H → 4d6.(3H).5p 4H* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 455.7038 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3F2).5s 4F → 4d6.(3F2).5p 4G* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 457.8438 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(3G).5s 4G → 4d6.(3H).5p 2I* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 459.3334 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 461.6842 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).5p 6P* → 4d5.(6S).5s.(7S).5d f 6D | 測定値 | NIST | |
| 463.0527 nm | 1000 | Tc I | emission | 4d6.(5D).5s 4D → 4d6.(5D).5p 4D* | 測定値 | NIST |
詳細な性質
共有結合半径（詳細）
- 共有結合半径（Pyykkö）
- 128 pm
- 共有結合半径（Pyykkö、二重結合）
- 120 pm
- 共有結合半径（Pyykkö、三重結合）
- 110 pm
ファンデルワールス半径
- Batsanov
- 205 pm
- Alvarez
- 244 pm
- UFF
- 299.8 pm
- MM3
- 236 pm
原子半径と金属半径
- 原子半径（Rahm）
- 252 pm
- 金属半径（C12）
- 136 pm
番号付けの尺度
- Mendeleev
- 56
- Pettifor
- 58
- Glawe
- 59
電気陰性度の尺度
- Ghosh
- 0
- Miedema
- 5
- Gunnarsson–Lundqvist
- 5
- Robles–Bartolotti
- 4
分極率と分散
- 双極子分極率
- 79 a.u.
- 双極子分極率（不確かさ）
- 10 a.u.
- C₆ (Gould–Bučko)
- 939 Ha·Bohr6
ミーデマパラメータ
- ミーデマモル体積
- 8.64 cm3/mol
- ミーデマ電子密度
- 6
相転移と同素体
| 融点 | 2430.15 K |
| 沸点 | 4535.15 K |
酸化数の分類
専門参考データ
遮蔽定数 (10)
| n | 軌道 | σ |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | s | 0.891 |
| 2 | p | 4.0592 |
| 2 | s | 11.3718 |
| 3 | d | 14.647 |
| 3 | p | 16.6159 |
| 3 | s | 16.2088 |
| 4 | d | 30.118 |
| 4 | p | 27.1888 |
| 4 | s | 25.8016 |
| 5 | s | 35.7735 |
結晶半径の詳細 (4)
| 電荷 | CN | スピン | rcrystal (pm) | 由来 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | VI | 78.5 | from r^3 vs V plots, from metallic oxides, | |
| 5 | VI | 74 | estimated, from r^3 vs V plots, | |
| 7 | IV | 51 | ||
| 7 | VI | 70 | Ahrens (1952) ionic radius, |
同位体の崩壊形式 (70)
| 同位体 | モード | 強度 |
|---|---|---|
| 83 | p | — |
| 83 | B+ | — |
| 83 | B+p | — |
| 84 | p | — |
| 84 | B+ | — |
| 84 | B+p | — |
| 85 | p | — |
| 86 | B+ | 100% |
| 86 | B+p | — |
| 87 | B+ | 100% |
X線散乱因子 (508)
| エネルギー (eV) | f₁ | f₂ |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | — | 1.1689 |
| 10.1617 | — | 1.2263 |
| 10.3261 | — | 1.28651 |
| 10.4931 | — | 1.34968 |
| 10.6628 | — | 1.41595 |
| 10.8353 | — | 1.48547 |
| 11.0106 | — | 1.55841 |
| 11.1886 | — | 1.63493 |
| 11.3696 | — | 1.7152 |
| 11.5535 | — | 1.7906 |
追加データ
Estimated Crustal Abundance
The estimated element abundance in the earth's crust.
Not Applicable
参考文献 (1)
- [5] Technetium https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele043.html
Estimated Oceanic Abundance
The estimated element abundance in the earth's oceans.
Not Applicable
参考文献 (1)
- [5] Technetium https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele043.html
参考文献
(9)
Data deposited in or computed by PubChem
The half-life and atomic mass data was provided by the Atomic Mass Data Center at the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Element data are cited from the Atomic weights of the elements (an IUPAC Technical Report). The IUPAC periodic table of elements can be found at https://iupac.org/what-we-do/periodic-table-of-elements/. Additional information can be found within IUPAC publication doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0703 Copyright © 2020 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
The information are cited from Pure Appl. Chem. 2018; 90(12): 1833-2092, https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0703.
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) is one of 17 national laboratories funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The lab's primary mission is to conduct basic research of the atom's nucleus using the lab's unique particle accelerator, known as the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF). For more information visit https://www.jlab.org/
The periodic table at the LANL (Los Alamos National Laboratory) contains basic element information together with the history, source, properties, use, handling and more. The provenance data may be found from the link under the source name.
The periodic table contains NIST's critically-evaluated data on atomic properties of the elements. The provenance data that include data for atomic spectroscopy, X-ray and gamma ray, radiation dosimetry, nuclear physics, and condensed matter physics may be found from the link under the source name. Ref: https://www.nist.gov/pml/atomic-spectra-database
This section provides all form of data related to element Technetium.
The element property data was retrieved from publications.