Lithium vs Beryllium
Side-by-side comparison of Lithium (Li, element 3) and Beryllium (Be, element 4) by atomic structure and physical properties.
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| Atomic number | 3 | 4 |
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| Symbol | Li | Be |
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| Name | Lithium | Beryllium |
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| Category | alkali-metal | alkaline-earth-metal |
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| Standard Atomic Weight | 6.9675 u | 9.012183 u |
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| Period | 2 | 2 |
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| Group | 1 | 2 |
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| Block | s | s |
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| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
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| Electron configuration | [He]2s1 | [He]2s2 |
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| Oxidation states | [1] | [0, 1, 2] |
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| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 0.98 | 1.57 |
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| Electron affinity | 0.61804 eV | -0.5 eV |
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| Density | 534 kg/m³ | 1850 kg/m³ |
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| Melting point | 180.5 °C | 1286.85 °C |
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| Boiling point | 1341.85 °C | 2470.85 °C |
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| Discovery year | 1817 | 1797 |
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Key Differences
| Li Lithium | Be Beryllium |
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| Standard Atomic Weight | 6.9675 u ↓ lower | 9.012183 u ↑ higher |
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| Density | 534 kg/m³ ↓ lower | 1850 kg/m³ ↑ higher |
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| Melting point | 180.5 °C ↓ lower | 1286.85 °C ↑ higher |
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| Boiling point | 1341.85 °C ↓ lower | 2470.85 °C ↑ higher |
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| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 0.98 ↓ lower | 1.57 ↑ higher |
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| Electron affinity | 0.61804 eV ↑ higher | -0.5 eV ↓ lower |
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| Group | 1 | 2 |
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| Category | alkali-metal | alkaline-earth-metal |
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| Electron configuration | [He]2s1 | [He]2s2 |
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| Discovery year | 1817 | 1797 |
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