Vanadium vs Chromium

Side-by-side comparison of Vanadium (V, element 23) and Chromium (Cr, element 24) by atomic structure and physical properties.

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PropertyV Vanadium Cr Chromium
Atomic number2324
SymbolVCr
NameVanadiumChromium
Categorytransition-metaltransition-metal
Standard Atomic Weight50.9415 u51.9961 u
Period44
Group56
Blockdd
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Electron configuration[Ar]3d34s2[Ar]3d54s1
Oxidation states[-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5][-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Electronegativity (Pauling)1.631.66
Electron affinity0.525 eV0.675 eV
Density6000 kg/m³7150 kg/m³
Melting point1909.85 °C1906.85 °C
Boiling point3406.85 °C2670.85 °C
Discovery year18301797

Key Differences

PropertyV VanadiumCr Chromium
Standard Atomic Weight50.9415 u ↓ lower51.9961 u ↑ higher
Density6000 kg/m³ ↓ lower7150 kg/m³ ↑ higher
Melting point1909.85 °C ↑ higher1906.85 °C ↓ lower
Boiling point3406.85 °C ↑ higher2670.85 °C ↓ lower
Electronegativity (Pauling)1.63 ↓ lower1.66 ↑ higher
Electron affinity0.525 eV ↓ lower0.675 eV ↑ higher
Group5 6
Electron configuration[Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1
Discovery year1830 1797