Rutherfordium vs Dubnium
Side-by-side comparison of Rutherfordium (Rf, element 104) and Dubnium (Db, element 105) by atomic structure and physical properties.
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| Atomic number | 104 | 105 |
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| Symbol | Rf | Db |
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| Name | Rutherfordium | Dubnium |
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| Category | transition-metal | transition-metal |
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| Standard Atomic Weight | 267 u | 268 u |
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| Period | 7 | 7 |
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| Group | 4 | 5 |
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| Block | d | d |
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| Phase at STP | Solid | N/A |
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| Electron configuration | [Rn]5f146d27s2 | [Rn]5f146d37s2 |
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| Oxidation states | [3, 4] | [3, 4, 5] |
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| Electronegativity (Pauling) | N/A | N/A |
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| Electron affinity | 0.65 eV | 0.56 eV |
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| Density | 2.33e+4 kg/m³ | 2.93e+4 kg/m³ |
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| Melting point | 2126.85 °C | N/A |
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| Boiling point | 5526.85 °C | N/A |
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| Discovery year | 1964 | 1967 |
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Key Differences
| Rf Rutherfordium | Db Dubnium |
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| Standard Atomic Weight | 267 u ↓ lower | 268 u ↑ higher |
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| Density | 2.33e+4 kg/m³ ↓ lower | 2.93e+4 kg/m³ ↑ higher |
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| Electron affinity | 0.65 eV ↑ higher | 0.56 eV ↓ lower |
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| Group | 4 | 5 |
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| Electron configuration | [Rn]5f146d27s2 | [Rn]5f146d37s2 |
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| Discovery year | 1964 | 1967 |
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