Neon (Ne)
noble-gasGas
标准原子量
20.1797 u电子排布
[He] 2s2 2p6熔点
-248.59 °C沸点
-246.05 °C密度
0.8999 kg/m³氧化态
0电负性（鲍林）
暂无第一电离能
21.564541 eV发现年份
1898原子半径
160 pm详细信息
Neon is a noble gas and the second lightest member of group 18. It is monatomic, colorless, and chemically very inert under ordinary conditions because its outer electron shell is closed. In the atmosphere it is present only as a minor constituent, but it is readily recognized by the intense reddish-orange light emitted in low-pressure electrical discharges. Its technological importance rests mainly on this optical behavior and on its cryogenic properties.
Colourless gaseous element of group 18 on the periodic table (noble gases). Neon occurs in the atmosphere, and comprises 0.0018% of the volume of the atmosphere. It has a distinct reddish glow when used in discharge tubes and neon based lamps. It forms almost no chemical compounds. Neon was discovered in 1898 by Sir William Ramsey and M.W. Travers.
The name derives from the Greek neos for "new". It was discovered from its bright orange spectral lines by the Scottish chemist William Ramsay and the English chemist Morris William Travers in 1898 from a liquefied air sample.
Neon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, a Scottish chemist, and Morris M. Travers, an English chemist, shortly after their discovery of the element krypton in 1898. Like krypton, neon was discovered through the study of liquefied air. Although neon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe, only 0.0018% of the earth's atmosphere is neon.
From the Greek word neos, new. Discovered by Ramsay and Travers in 1898. Neon is a rare gaseous element present in the atmosphere to the extent of 1 part in 65,000 of air. It is obtained by liquefaction of air and separated from the other gases by fractional distillation.
Pure neon is a colorless, odorless, monatomic gas at ordinary temperature and pressure. When cooled below its boiling point it becomes a colorless cryogenic liquid, and at still lower temperature a solid. In a discharge tube it emits a bright red-orange glow from atomic emission lines.
Neon is best known for luminous advertising signs, indicator lamps, and decorative discharge tubes, where low-pressure neon gives a distinctive red-orange emission. Other gases or phosphors are used for many colors often called “neon” in commerce. Neon is also used in some high-voltage indicators, gas lasers such as helium-neon lasers, and specialized cryogenic applications. Liquid neon has a high refrigeration capacity per unit volume, but its cost limits broad use.
The largest use for neon gas is in advertising signs. Neon is also used to make high voltage indicators and is combined with helium to make helium-neon lasers. Liquid neon is used as a cryogenic refrigerant. Neon is highly inert and forms no known compounds, although there is some evidence that it could form a compound with fluorine.
Although neon advertising signs account for the bulk of its use, neon also functions in high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, and TV tubes. Neon and helium are used in making gas lasers. Liquid neon is now commercially available and is finding important application as an economical cryogenic refrigerant.
Isotopes in Earth/Planetary Science
Neon is subject to stable isotopic fractionation by physical processes, such as exchange between gas, liquid, and solid phases. Small variations in the isotope-amount ratio n(22Ne)/n(20Ne) have been used to examine gas-liquid exchange processes during groundwater recharge (water moving downward from the surface) and discharge [29] M. Ozima, F. A. Podosek. Noble Gas Geochemistry: 2nd Edition, p. 286, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (2002)., [101] Noble Gases in Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, D. Porcelli, C. J. Ballentine, and R. Wieler (Eds.), p. 844, Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society, Washington, DC (2002)., [102] F. Peeters, U. Beyerle, W. Aeschbach-Hertig, J. Holocher, M. S. Brennwald, R. Kipfer. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta.67, 587 (2003)..
Isotopes in Geochronology
Some 21Ne and 22Ne form naturally in the Earth’s crust largely by reactions of 18O and 19F in minerals with neutrons and alpha particles emitted from uranium and thorium decay, called nucleogenic neon isotopes [29] M. Ozima, F. A. Podosek. Noble Gas Geochemistry: 2nd Edition, p. 286, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (2002)., [101] Noble Gases in Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, D. Porcelli, C. J. Ballentine, and R. Wieler (Eds.), p. 844, Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society, Washington, DC (2002).. In addition, neon isotopes can form at the surface of the Earth and in extraterrestrial bodies by cosmic-ray-induced spallation reactions on magnesium, silicon, aluminum, and sodium [103] T. E. Cerling, H. Craig. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.22, 273 (1994)., [104] D. Lal, B. Peters. “Cosmic ray produced radioactivity on the earth”, in Cosmic Rays II, K. Sitte (Ed.), Springer-Verlag, New York (1967).. Analyses of all three stable neon isotopes may be used to distinguish these sources from primordial neon. The relative amounts of atmospheric neon and crustal nucleogenic neon isotopes in deep groundwaters and natural gases have been used in studies of solid-water-gas interactions and migration (Fig. IUPAC.10.1). The cosmogenic component is mainly detected in 21Ne and can be used to determine cosmic-ray exposure ages of rock samples, including meteorites exposed during travel through space and boulders exposed by melting of glacial ice (Fig. IUPAC.10.1).
Isotopes in Industry
Masers (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) containing 20Ne have been used to study quantum physics. 21Ne may also play a role in maser studies of quantum physics [106] W. R. Bennett. Phys. Rev.126, 580 (1962)..
Isotopes Used as a Source of Radioactive Isotope(s)
22Ne is used to produce the radioisotope 22Na via the reaction 22Ne (p, n) 22Na [107] R. Policroniades, E. Moreno, A. Varela, G. Murillo, A. Huerta, M. E. Ortiz, E. Chávez. Rev. Mex. Fis. S.54, 46 (2008).. 20Ne has been used to produce the radioisotope 18F via the reaction 20Ne (d, 4He) 18F [107] R. Policroniades, E. Moreno, A. Varela, G. Murillo, A. Huerta, M. E. Ortiz, E. Chávez. Rev. Mex. Fis. S.54, 46 (2008)..
Neon has no stable neutral compounds known under ordinary chemical conditions. Its very high ionization energy and negligible electron affinity make conventional oxidation states chemically inaccessible. Laboratory studies have identified transient ionic or weakly bound species such as NeH⁺ and van der Waals complexes at low temperature or in plasmas, but these are not isolable bulk compounds. Neon clathrate hydrates have been reported only under suitable low-temperature, high-pressure conditions, where neon is physically trapped rather than chemically bonded.
Neon is a very inert element, however, it has been reported to form a compound with fluorine. It is still questionable if true compounds of neon exist, but evidence is mounting in favor of their existence. The ions, Ne+, (NeAr)+, (NeH)+, and (HeNe+) are known from optical and mass spectrometric studies. Neon also forms an unstable hydrate.
See more information at the Neon compound page.
Neon is not toxic and is not chemically reactive in normal use. The main hazards are physical: compressed gas cylinders can rupture if mishandled, and released gas can displace oxygen in confined spaces. Liquid neon and cold equipment can cause cryogenic burns and embrittle some materials. Discharge devices also involve electrical hazards and, in some cases, fragile glass under reduced pressure.
Atmospheric neon is chemically persistent and does not participate significantly in biological or geochemical reactions. It enters the air mainly from primordial atmospheric inventory and minor natural releases from rocks and waters; it is lost only slowly by atmospheric escape processes. Because it is inert, dilute, and nonbioaccumulative, neon has no known essential biological role and little direct ecological activity.
Commercial neon is obtained by fractional distillation of liquefied air, usually as a minor by-product of large oxygen and nitrogen production. Its low atmospheric abundance makes recovery more specialized than for argon, and purification requires separation from helium, hydrogen, and other light gases. Demand is concentrated in signage, electronics, lasers, and niche cryogenic uses. Recycling is possible from closed systems but is uncommon for small lamps and signs, so supply depends strongly on industrial gas infrastructure.
Obtained from production of liquid air as a byproduct of producing liquid oxygen and nitrogen.
Neon is a cosmically abundant light noble gas made chiefly during stellar nucleosynthesis in massive stars, especially through carbon and oxygen burning stages. It is found in the Sun, stellar atmospheres, nebulae, and planetary atmospheres, although its abundance in rocky planets is reduced by volatility and atmospheric loss. Several stable isotopes occur naturally, with ²⁰Ne dominant on Earth.
- The familiar red-orange sign color is produced by neon itself, not by a coating.
- Many commercial “neon” signs of other colors contain argon, mercury vapor, or phosphors instead.
- Neon was discovered through the fractional distillation of liquid air.
- Liquid neon is denser than liquid helium but boils at a much higher temperature.
- Neon has no known stable neutral compound at ambient conditions.
- The name comes from a Greek word meaning “new.”
图片
性质
物理性质
- 原子半径（经验值）
- 160 pm 比较所有元素的原子半径（经验值） →
- 共价半径
- 58 pm 比较所有元素的共价半径 →
- 范德华半径
- 154 pm 比较所有元素的范德华半径 →
- 密度
- 0.8999 kg/m³ 比较所有元素的密度 →
- 摩尔体积
- 0.0168 L/mol
- 标准温度和压力下的物相
- 气态 比较所有元素的标准温度和压力下的物相 →
- 熔点
- -248.59 °C 比较所有元素的熔点 →
- 沸点
- -246.05 °C 比较所有元素的沸点 →
- 比热容
- 1.03 J/(g·K) 比较所有元素的比热容 →
- 摩尔热容
- 20.786 J/(mol·K) 比较所有元素的摩尔热容 →
- 晶体结构
- 面心立方 比较所有元素的晶体结构 →
化学性质
- 电负性（Allen）
- 4.787
- 电子亲和能
- -1.2 eV (负值——预计该原子不结合额外电子)
- 第一电离能
- 21.564541 eV 比较所有元素的第一电离能 →
- 第二电离能
- 40.963111 eV 比较所有元素的第二电离能 →
- 第三电离能
- 63.423518 eV 比较所有元素的第三电离能 →
- 第四电离能
- 97.190335 eV 比较所有元素的第四电离能 →
- 第五电离能
- 126.247435 eV 比较所有元素的第五电离能 →
- 氧化态
- 0 比较所有元素的氧化态 →
- 价电子
- 8 比较所有元素的价电子 →
- 电子排布
- [He] 2s2 2p6
热力学性质
- 三相点（温度）
- -248.59 °C
- 三相点（压力）
- 4.34e+4 Pa
- 临界点（温度）
- -228.658 °C
- 临界点（压力）
- 2.6786e+6 Pa
- 熔化热
- 0.00347204 eV 比较所有元素的熔化热 →
- 汽化热
- 0.01772296 eV 比较所有元素的汽化热 →
- 原子化热
- 0 eV
核性质
- 质子
- 10 比较所有元素的质子 →
- 中子
- 10 比较所有元素的中子 →
- 已知同位素
- 20 比较所有元素的已知同位素 →
- 稳定同位素
- 3 比较所有元素的稳定同位素 →
- 最稳定同位素
- Ne-20
- 发现年份
- 1898
丰度
- 丰度（地壳）
- 0.005 mg/kg 比较所有元素的丰度（地壳） →
- 丰度（海洋）
- 1.2 × 10−4 mg/L 比较所有元素的丰度（海洋） →
晶体结构
- 晶格常数a
- 443 pm
电子结构
- 各电子层电子数
- 2, 8 比较所有元素的各电子层电子数 →
标识符
- CAS登记号
- 7440-01-9 比较所有元素的CAS登记号 →
- 谱项符号
- 1S0
- InChI
- InChI=1S/Ne
- InChI Key
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
电子排布 实测值
Ne: 2s² 2p⁶[He] 2s² 2p⁶1s² 2s² 2p⁶原子模型
不同同位素的中子数、质量和稳定性不同，但中性原子的电子排布不变。
原子模型示意图，未按比例绘制。
原子指纹
发射 / 吸收光谱
同位素分布
| 质量数 | 原子质量（u） | 天然丰度 | 半衰期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 稳定 | 19.9924401762 ± 0.0000000017 | 90.4800% | 稳定 |
| 21 稳定 | 20.993846685 ± 0.000000041 | 0.2700% | 稳定 |
| 22 稳定 | 21.991385114 ± 0.000000018 | 9.2500% | 稳定 |
物相 / 状态
原因: 高于沸点（-246.05 °C）271.1 °C
示意图，未按比例绘制
相变点
相变能
在熔点熔化1 mol物质所需的能量
在沸点汽化1 mol物质所需的能量
密度
标准条件下
按当前温度T，通过理想气体定律估算
高级
原子光谱
收录谱线 ?
| 离子 | 电荷 | 谱线总数 | 跃迁概率 | 能级标记 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ne I | 0 | 1597 | 533 | 1597 |
| Ne II | +1 | 1914 | 233 | 1912 |
| Ne III | +2 | 910 | 637 | 910 |
| Ne IV | +3 | 643 | 72 | 643 |
| Ne V | +4 | 374 | 139 | 374 |
| Ne VI | +5 | 515 | 449 | 515 |
| Ne VII | +6 | 661 | 442 | 661 |
| Ne VIII | +7 | 745 | 540 | 745 |
| Ne IX | +8 | 229 | 228 | 229 |
| Ne X | +9 | 137 | 137 | 137 |
收录能级 ?
| 离子 | 电荷 | 能级 |
|---|---|---|
| Ne I | 0 | 375 |
| Ne II | +1 | 385 |
| Ne III | +2 | 283 |
| Ne IV | +3 | 215 |
| Ne V | +4 | 161 |
| Ne VI | +5 | 135 |
| Ne VII | +6 | 208 |
| Ne VIII | +7 | 178 |
| Ne IX | +8 | 110 |
| Ne X | +9 | 149 |
化合物
同位素 (3)
Natural neon is a mixture of three isotopes. Six other unstable isotopes are known.
| 质量数 | 原子质量（u） | 天然丰度 | 半衰期 | 衰变方式 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 稳定 | 19.9924401762 ± 0.0000000017 | 90.4800% ± 0.0300% | 稳定 | stable | |
| 21 稳定 | 20.993846685 ± 0.000000041 | 0.2700% ± 0.0100% | 稳定 | stable | |
| 22 稳定 | 21.991385114 ± 0.000000018 | 9.2500% ± 0.0300% | 稳定 | stable |
谱线
已显示50项，共1087项。 默认仅显示具有实测强度的谱线。
| 波长（nm） | 强度 | 电离级 | 类型 | 跃迁 | 准确度 | 来源 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 692.94673 nm | 100000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 703.24131 nm | 85000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 717.39381 nm | 77000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 724.51666 nm | 77000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 743.88984 nm | 60000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 702.40504 nm | 34000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 748.88712 nm | 32000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3d 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 540.05618 nm | 20000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 585.24879 nm | 20000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 640.22472 nm | 20000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 470.43948 nm | 15000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).5d 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 471.20625 nm | 15000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).6d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 471.53441 nm | 15000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).6d 2[7/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 650.65281 nm | 15000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 470.88584 nm | 12000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).5d 2[1/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 453.77551 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).5d 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 471.00638 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).5d 2[1/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 478.89249 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).7s 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 482.73382 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).6s 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 488.49181 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).5d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 495.70324 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).5d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 534.10932 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).4d 2[1/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 588.18952 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 602.99969 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 607.43377 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 614.30626 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 616.35939 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 621.72812 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 626.6495 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[3/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 633.44278 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 638.29917 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 659.89529 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3s 2[1/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[1/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 705.91074 nm | 10000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3d 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 576.44189 nm | 7000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).4d 2[7/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 533.07771 nm | 6000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).4d 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 534.3282 nm | 6000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).4d 2[1/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 597.5534 nm | 6000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3s 2[3/2]* → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[3/2] | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 475.27311 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).6d 2[7/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 479.02171 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).6d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 483.73128 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[1/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).6s 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 489.20896 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).7s 2[3/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 500.51582 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).5d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 503.77504 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).5d 2[7/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 514.49371 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).5d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 514.50308 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).5d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 556.27668 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).4d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 565.66578 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).4d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 571.92256 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[3/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<1/2>).4d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 574.82979 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).4d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST | |
| 580.44496 nm | 5000 | Ne I | emission | 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).3p 2[5/2] → 2s2.2p5.(2P*<3/2>).4d 2[5/2]* | 实测值 | NIST |
扩展性质
共价半径（扩展）
- 共价半径（Pyykkö）
- 67 pm
- 共价半径（Pyykkö，双键）
- 96 pm
范德华半径
- Bondi
- 154 pm
- Alvarez
- 158 pm
- UFF
- 324.3 pm
- MM3
- 160 pm
原子半径与金属半径
- 原子半径（Rahm）
- 156 pm
编号标度
- Mendeleev
- 113
- Pettifor
- 2
- Glawe
- 2
电负性标度
- Ghosh
- 0
- Gunnarsson–Lundqvist
- 7
- Robles–Bartolotti
- 7
极化率与色散
- 偶极极化率
- 2.6611 a.u.
- 偶极极化率（不确定度）
- 0 a.u.
- C₆
- 6.2 Ha·Bohr6
- C₆ (Gould–Bučko)
- 6.91 Ha·Bohr6
化学亲和力
- 质子亲和能
- 198.8 kJ/mol
- 气相碱性
- 174.4 kJ/mol
稀有气体性质
相变与同素异形体
| 熔点 | 24.56 K |
| 沸点 | 27.1 K |
| 临界点（温度） | 44.49 K |
| 临界点（压力） | 2.68 MPa |
| 三相点（温度） | 24.56 K |
| 三相点（压力） | 43.37 kPa |
高级参考数据
屏蔽常数 (3)
| n | 轨道 | σ |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | s | 0.3579 |
| 2 | p | 4.2416 |
| 2 | s | 4.2416 |
同位素衰变方式 (35)
| 同位素 | 模式 | 强度 |
|---|---|---|
| 15 | 2p | 100% |
| 16 | 2p | 100% |
| 17 | B+ | 100% |
| 17 | B+p | 94.4% |
| 17 | B+A | 3.5% |
| 17 | B+pA | 0% |
| 18 | B+ | 100% |
| 19 | B+ | 100% |
| 23 | B- | 100% |
| 24 | B- | 100% |
X射线散射因子 (503)
| 能量 (eV) | f₁ | f₂ |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | — | 0 |
| 10.1617 | — | 0 |
| 10.3261 | — | 0 |
| 10.4931 | — | 0 |
| 10.6628 | — | 0 |
| 10.8353 | — | 0 |
| 11.0106 | — | 0 |
| 11.1886 | — | 0 |
| 11.3696 | — | 0 |
| 11.5535 | — | 0 |
补充数据
Estimated Crustal Abundance
The estimated element abundance in the earth's crust.
5×10-3 milligrams per kilogram
参考文献 (1)
Estimated Oceanic Abundance
The estimated element abundance in the earth's oceans.
1.2×10-4 milligrams per liter
参考文献 (1)
参考文献
(9)
Data deposited in or computed by PubChem
The half-life and atomic mass data was provided by the Atomic Mass Data Center at the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Element data are cited from the Atomic weights of the elements (an IUPAC Technical Report). The IUPAC periodic table of elements can be found at https://iupac.org/what-we-do/periodic-table-of-elements/. Additional information can be found within IUPAC publication doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0703 Copyright © 2020 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
The information are cited from Pure Appl. Chem. 2018; 90(12): 1833-2092, https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0703.
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) is one of 17 national laboratories funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The lab's primary mission is to conduct basic research of the atom's nucleus using the lab's unique particle accelerator, known as the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF). For more information visit https://www.jlab.org/
The periodic table at the LANL (Los Alamos National Laboratory) contains basic element information together with the history, source, properties, use, handling and more. The provenance data may be found from the link under the source name.
The periodic table contains NIST's critically-evaluated data on atomic properties of the elements. The provenance data that include data for atomic spectroscopy, X-ray and gamma ray, radiation dosimetry, nuclear physics, and condensed matter physics may be found from the link under the source name. Ref: https://www.nist.gov/pml/atomic-spectra-database
This section provides all form of data related to element Neon.
The element property data was retrieved from publications.